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Cervical osteochondrosis

Cervical spine osteochondrosis

Cervical osteochondrosis is a progressive degenerative-dystrophic process, leading to fatigue, deformation and destruction of intervertebral discs in the cervix region.The loss of the cartilage that absorbs the shock causes the second pain to be caused by the exposure of the joint surface (spondylarthrosis), and is due to the reflection of the spinal cord nerve root.

In the absence of timely treatment, it is possible to get rid of the spine by loss of natural flexibility, blood supply to the brain, deterioration of nerve conduction in parts of the body that refresh the cervical spine root.

Pathology can develop freely and as part of the general damage to the spine with chest, lumbar and sacred coverage.

General information

It is believed that cervical spinal osteochondrosis is more common than other departments.In fact, this is not the case - the dystrophic phenomenon grows evenly at all load points - in the main area of the spinal column (the lower the department is located, the larger the load is).However, the symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis are more significant, so they appear more often.This is due to the high mobility of the neck vertebra, which at the same time holds the head, as well as the peculiarity of the root output of the spinal cord.

Note!According to statistics, the disease affects more than 60% of middle and older people.However, recently, the rejuvenation of pathological processes has been observed - pathology is found in young people and even in adolescents.This is due to the general computing of studies and work, as well as decreased physical activity and deterioration of nutrition.

In view of the audience, 2 forms of cervical osteochondrosis can be distinguished - physiology and pathology.

A process of physiologicalIt is associated with the body's natural aging, when the symptoms of the disease are the result of the intervertebral disc gradually.This process takes place under the influence of the endocrine system and as a result of menopause.The destruction of the cartilage structure begins from the center of the intervertebral disc and is accompanied by a gradual replacement of cartilage tissue.Pathology cannot be restored, however, it can be compensated by special medicines.

A pathological processIt is associated with abnormal destructive changes in the body - immune, dystrophic, inflammation, metabolic.First of all, subcutaneous tissue is involved in salt in the bone structure, the nerve root, atrophy or hypertonicity of the skeletal muscle occurs, leading to disruption of blood circulation in the head and groove.With timely diagnosis, pathology is treated and ends with a complete recovery of healthy organ and tissue function.

The level of cervical osteochondrosis and their symptoms

There are 4 main stages of pathological processes:

  • The first stage-stated by the slight discomfort and overstrain of the muscles in the diseased region, the cartilage discs losing their stability;
  • Stage-2 pain appears, especially with head movements.Intervertebral disc defective, fibrous rings begin to collapse, the distance between the vertebrae is reduced;
  • The 3rd stage of pain is increasing and becoming constant, the movement becomes limited.The head can trigger dizziness, nausea, infringement of blood supply to the brain leading to general fatigue, rapid fatigue, affected concentration, thinner cartilage tissue, vertebral closed, fibrous rings are completely destroyed by the appearance of intervert herbs;
  • The 4-sindrom of pain really hit the neck area, the blood circulation of the brain is disrupted and requires constant drug support, the vertebrae begins to grow together.

Cervical osteochondrosis: signs, pathological symptoms

In the first stage, osteochondrosis is symptomless.As the disease develops, its own characteristic is the presence of painful or uncomfortable sensations in the head, neck and chest, less often upper limbs.

All possible symptoms can be associated with 4 types of syndrome: heart, vertebrae, rotator (nerve) and spinal artery syndrome (with blood circulation disorders).

Vertebrate syndrome:

  • Crunch on the neck when turning on/tilt your head;
  • With the progress of the disease, pain and difficulty in movement occur;
  • The morphological disorders of the structure in the vertebral body and the intervertebral space (visible on X -ray).

Heart syndrome:

  • shortness of breath, weakness;
  • incomplete breathing, lack of air;
  • Spontaneous phenomena of the cardiovascular system-Pectoris, cloth pain, burning;

Rook Syndrome:

  • numbness of tongue, shoulders, fingers, occipital region;
  • difficulty by swallowing;
  • unpleasant sensations in the area between the shoulder blades;
  • Headache in the nap and forehead.

Vail arterial syndrome:

  • Jumping does not make sense in blood pressure;
  • dizziness, until loss of consciousness;
  • noise in the ear, the feeling of cotton wool on the head;
  • temporary blind, "flies" in the eyes;
  • Periodic attacks, especially when heading;
  • Headache - especially in nape, as well as migraines;
  • Sleep, decreased performance, memory, attention concentration, depression.

Attention!All these syndrome should be combined with each other.The absence of symptoms of one of them can be the reason for the diagnosis of differential groups with other groups of diseases.

The cause of cervical osteochondrosis

The dostropic phenomenon in the cervical spine is associated with the vertical location of the frame and the specific distribution of static and dynamic loads, which largely depends on the main pose and stage of the skeletal muscle development.

The main reason:

  • Deficiency of movement - what does not develop - degrades: weak muscles, destroyed tissue;
  • Improper static pose - muscle clamping leads to blood circulation disorders with subsequent tissue distrophy;
  • Lack of nutrition or unbalanced diet - the body should accept everything needed for the construction and renewal of bone structure and cartilage, maintaining muscle tone;
  • Obesity, overweight, weight wear - load on skeletal structure increases;
  • persistent nervous tension and nerve pressure;
  • The cervical area hypothermia - "captured", "soar" - causes a hidden inflammatory process;
  • The presence of autoimmune diseases with the involvement of cartilagin tissue leads to its premature destruction;
  • Endocrine pathology is confused by mineral metabolism, reducing calcium digestion, silicon, phosphorus and other elements of the bone-criterated tissue;
  • cervical region injury;
  • Congenital abnormalities of the spine and adjacent muscles.

Diagnostics

MRI from the cervical department

The diagnosis of "cervical vertebral osteochondrosis" consists of low specificity of their symptoms and various manifestations.In the examination process, consulting neurologists, surgeons, orthopedics, cardiologists will be needed.

Physical examination is conducted by a doctor with a patient survey.The main diagnostic load lies in instrumental and laboratory research methods.

Instrumental diagnostics:

  • X -ray cervical department;In the early stages of the process, the cervical department MRI will be more informative - it will ensure high visualization - the quality of solid and soft tissue - will indicate the condition of the intervertebral disc, the presence of osteophytes, deformation, damage to the nerve roots and blood vessels;will assess the state of ligaments, muscles, bone tissue;
  • Ultrasound shows the dynamic state of soft tissue;
  • Dopplerography of the neck vessels will help evaluate hemodynamics and levels of damage to the blood vessels (in particular, the condition of the spinal artery);
  • Myelography contrast - will help with suspicion of nerve process violations;
  • ECG and heart echocardiography are used for the diagnosis of differential cardiac syndrome with cardiovascular disease.

How to treat cervical osteochondrosis

Complex Steps -Medical steps are formed taking into account the level of the disease (acute, chronic), the degree of damage and the cause of pathological development.Use conservative treatment, surgical intervention, mixed approach.

The conservative effect

It is a gradual recovery or compensation for damage to the background of symptom treatment.Includes drug therapy, physiotherapy, exercise therapy and massage method.

Drug:

  • Painkillers - especially gel and local influence;In severe cases - common painkillers in the form of tablets;
  • anti -inflammatory drugs - NSAIDs, as well as corticosteroids (short courses if needed);
  • Drugs to improve micro circulation and blood circulation in general;
  • Chondroprotectors - means protecting and restoring cartilage;
  • Musorelaxants - to eliminate muscle clamps and cramps;
  • Vitamin and microelene complexes are needed for nutrition and fabric support by building elements.

Due to weak acute symptoms, physiotherapy, exercise therapy and self -connected.

Therapeutic gymnasticsIncrease the nutrition of cartilage and bone tissue by restoring blood supply in damaged areas.To avoid complications, it is recommended to use isometric movement methods, when instead of actual turns and head -to -head leaning, they use their imitation.

Attention!All actions should be taken only after diagnosis and consult your doctor.

This technique allows you to develop and strengthen the short neck muscles atrophied and stabilize the cervical spine.Basic training sequence:

  1. The right hand is reduced to the surface of the head-pressing of your palm on your head in 10 seconds, while sinking the head and neck muscles for durability should remain moving.
  2. Reduce your hands, relax your head and neck muscles as much as possible for 20 seconds.
  3. Repeat the training with the left hand.
  4. Get both hands with the palm of your hand on the forehead on the forehead for 10 seconds, as if trying to push your head back, while repeling the neck muscles to withstand the movement.The head should remain unobtrusive.
  5. Reduce your hands, relax the muscles -the same as the previous exercise.
  6. Place both palms in the area above the back of the head.With the analogy, do an urgent load on the neck muscles, trying to tilt your head forward - it still has to move.
  7. Reduce your hands, relax your neck and muscles.Repeat the training set 4-10 times.

After strengthening the short neck muscles, you can start doing dynamic exercises.

Note!As a methodology for restoring the mobility of the cervical region, swimming gymnastics and water have proven themselves well.

SelfAllows you to reduce the intensity of local reactions and remove muscle clamps during static work.Rules for Implementation:

  • exposure area - back of the head, back and surface of the neck;
  • Perform the procedure in a sitting position;
  • Movement should be done in the direction of the spine;
  • only using the fingertips;
  • Prevent pressure in the inflamed area;
  • Performing smooth movements - sharp pressure can be harmful.
Physiotherapy for the treatment of cervical osteochondrosis

PhysiotherapyFeatures for patient treatment and sanatorium resort recovery.Proven well:

  • Electrophoresis - listening to zones, improving micro circulation, used for deeper penetration of local drugs;
  • magnetotherapy;
  • amplipulse;
  • Uhf.

Surgical intervention is indicated by complex extraction, spinal cord infarction and unconscious pain syndrome.

Of harmful cervical osteochondrosis

The neck area concentrates the main blood vessels, the nerve process and the dynamic structure of the bone.In the absence of treatment, serious pathological changes can be observed:

  • Weaknesses of fibrous rings cause dislocation and subluxation in the most portable vertebrae;
  • The presence of osteophytes and muscle spasming leads to violations of nerve roots and blood vessels with the formation of compression syndrome;
  • The destruction of cartilaginus discs and vertebral disagreements lead to intervertebral hernia with nerve tissue violations.

Each of these phenomena follows a clear negative reaction from the whole organism.

Possible complications and consequences

The most common list of complications from cervical osteochondrosis can be included:

  • vegetable dystonia;
  • hypertension;
  • the starvation of the oxygen of the brain and its structure;
  • Distrophy of the eye retina with visual disorders;
  • thyroid failure failure;
  • Impairment of esophageal function and trachea - difficulty swallowing and respiratory cramps;
  • Unconscious pain syndrome in the head, neck, chest, upper leg;
  • cramps and numbness, hands;
  • Hypothalamus-Pituitary system disruption that attracts the overall failure of the body's hormone activity.

Precaution

The most effective treatment is the prevention of the disease.Prevention will help you with this.It's enough to follow some basic suggestions:

  • Adjust your posture
  • Create an easy workplace;
  • During inactive work, relax on "Physical Education";
  • Including your diet -rich diet, magnesium, phosphorus, silicone -fish, nuts, seeds, legumes, dairy products, fresh vegetables, fruits;Limit the use of salt, sweet, flour and sharp dishes;
  • To sleep and relax, use orthopedic mattresses and pillows;
  • Maintaining an unspeakable sport - it's better to give priority to swimming.

Although you cannot take into account all the needs, moderate physical nutrition, proper nutrition and attitudes against your posture can reduce the risk of pathology.